Which statement about alcohol-based hand rubs is accurate?

The statement that alcohol-based hand rubs kill bacteria and some viruses effectively accurately describes their primary function and efficacy. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers, typically containing at least 60% ethanol or isopropanol, are recognized for their ability to inactivate a wide range of microorganisms, including many bacteria and certain enveloped viruses, such as the flu virus and coronaviruses.

These products are particularly valuable in situations where soap and water aren't readily available, as they provide a convenient method for maintaining hand hygiene and can significantly reduce the number of germs on the skin. However, it's important to note that while they are effective against many germs, they do not eliminate all types of pathogens, including certain non-enveloped viruses and some bacterial spores.

The other statements do not accurately reflect the guidance on the use of alcohol-based hand rubs. For example, diluting them with water can reduce their effectiveness, and they cannot completely replace hand washing, especially in situations where hands are visibly soiled. Lastly, while alcohol-based rubs are effective, they are not necessarily less effective than soap and water; rather, the choice between them often depends on the specific situation and level of dirtiness on the hands.